For example, the 13th chapter of 2 Corinthians 2 Cor. Readers of medieval manuscripts frequently added their own navigational aids to books to highlight useful or interesting passages, and this Bible contains signs that indicate it was actively used as a reference text.
One reader had evidently studied the text of 2 Paralipomenon with care as they added marginal notations to passages of the text, including nota marks to note for future reference.
We hope this guide helps modern readers to take note themselves and explore the fascinating features of medieval manuscripts — start by browsing our Digitised Collections online! Reader marginalia such as these nota marks and pointed-hand manicula are frequently found in medieval manuscripts TCD MS 35, f.
Brown, and revised by E. Teviotdale and N. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Report bugs here. Please share your general feedback. You can join in the discussion by joining the community or logging in here. You can also find out more about Emerald Engage. Visit emeraldpublishing. It is therefore the role of museums and libraries to preserve and study these precious artifacts to prevent further damage.
Nonetheless, as a consequence of the scattering of book fragments, many universities and public libraries throughout the world possess illuminations that they could not have afforded otherwise.
The practice of breaking up books and distributing original fragments to the largest audience, was the primary aspiration of Otto F. Ege, who provided some of the most remarkable ornamented leaves held at the University of Illinois. At the turn of the century, Ege was a professor at the Cleveland Institute of Art, where he gathered an impressive collection of European manuscripts and printed books, mostly damaged or incomplete, and worked to spread these precious artifacts throughout North America.
Aware of the controversy concerning this practice, he published comments on his educational motivations and the ethics of this practice. The conflict between the preservation of artifacts and the facilitation of their accessibility is one of the main challenges of museums and libraries. We have embarked on an ambitious course comprising the digitisation of as many endangered manuscripts as possible.
It will involve storing these surrogate images on servers and converting them to other formats in the future. We will then upload these images to an open-access database, providing reliable metadata about the manuscripts to assist users of the database to form an impression of the physical manuscripts and supply information for their research.
Although not included as one of our main aims, we also develop efforts to preserve the physical manuscripts by advising their owners about better ways to store and handle them.
The programme is funded by a generous grant from the Arcadia Foundation in the United Kingdom. The fact that Southeast Asian manuscripts were written using a large variety of scripts and languages makes the execution of the programme quite challenging.
One of the most complex issues is the metadata, which needs to be accurate and correct. A so-called 'buk' in Indramayu on Java's north coast. In this region, old manuscripts are not destroyed but put in a bag.
The bag is used during ceremonies, but is never opened, so no one knows its contents. The proposal is assessed and, if approved, a mission is sent to the owner to photograph the manuscripts. A team usually consists of 5 persons: one photographer, one assistant photographer, an academic expert, and assistant academic expert and an assistant.
Where necessary, manuscripts are cleaned before being photographed. The cleaning of the manuscripts needs to be done very carefully so as not to damage them even more. They are written on a large variety of materials ranging from different types of paper, palm-leaf, bamboo and tree bark. These writing supports come in all kinds of sizes, from extremely small to large scrolls of many meters long.
To ensure that the team records crucial information about the manuscript themselves, the place where they are kept, their owners, and how they were used and transmitted, a special photographer cum videographer is part of the team.
The information gathered is used to form a picture of the present manuscript situation, which is used to design a strategy to help owners better preserve their manuscripts.
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