NiMH batteries use positive electrodes of nickel oxyhydroxide NiOOH , as does the NiCd, but the negative electrodes use a hydrogen-absorbing alloy instead of cadmium.
A NiMH battery can have two to three times the capacity of a NiCd battery of equivalent size, and its energy density approaches that of a lithium-ion cell. The lithium-ion battery is a family of rechargeable batteries in which lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge, and back when charging.
The negative electrode of a conventional lithium-ion cell is made from carbon. The positive electrode is a metal oxide, and the electrolyte is a lithium salt in an organic solvent. They are one of the most popular types of rechargeable battery for portable electronics, with one of the best energy densities and only a slow loss of charge when not in use.
Lithium ion batteries are more expensive than NiCd batteries but operate over a wider temperature range while being smaller and lighter. They are fragile and thus need a protective circuit to limit peak voltages. Lithium-ion polymer LiPo batteries are usually composed of several identical secondary cells in parallel to increase the discharge-current capability. Their primary distinction from lithium-ion batteries is that their lithium salt electrolyte is not held in an organic solvent.
Instead, it is in a solid polymer composite, such as polyethylene oxide or polyacrylonitrile. The advantages of LiPo over the lithium-ion design include potentially lower cost of manufacture, adaptability to a wide variety of packaging shapes, reliability, and ruggedness. Their major disadvantage is that they hold less charge. There are also rechargeable forms of alkaline batteries, which are a type of primary battery dependent upon the reaction between zinc Zn and manganese dioxide MnO 2.
They are manufactured fully charged and have the ability to carry their charge for years, longer than most NiCd and NiMH batteries, which self-discharge. Rechargeable alkaline batteries can also have a high recharging efficiency and have less environmental impact than disposable cells. Boundless vets and curates high-quality, openly licensed content from around the Internet. This particular resource used the following sources:. Skip to main content.
Search for:. Other Rechargeable Batteries. Essentially all high-quality portable technology manufactured these days takes advantage of this technology.
You must be careful not to overcharge them, as this could lead to decreased capacity. To prevent this from happening, some chargers switch to a trickle charge or simply shut off when charging is complete. NiCd and NiMH batteries also must be reconditioned, meaning you should completely discharge and recharge them again every once in a while to minimize any loss in capacity.
LiOn batteries, on the other hand, have sophisticated chargers that prevent overcharging and never need to be reconditioned. Even rechargeable batteries will eventually die, though it may take hundreds of charges before that happens. When they finally do give out, be sure to dispose of them at a recycling facility. Sign up for our Newsletter!
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