Cystic tissue scarring is a hereditary disorder characterized by the following symptoms [ 36 ]:. Regarding electrolyte balance, cystic tissue scarring causes low blood levels of chloride , sodium, and potassium, and high levels of bicarbonate [ 23 ].
The main symptoms of this disorder are [ 37 ]:. Congenital chloride diarrhea is a rare genetic disease characterized by the production of watery diarrhea with high chloride concentration.
It causes dehydration, metabolic alkalosis, and low levels of blood chloride , sodium, and potassium. The condition is due to defects in the bowel chloride and bicarbonate transporter SLC26A3 [ 42 , 43 ].
This syndrome is characterized by reduced water elimination, continued production or action of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin, and low blood sodium and chloride levels [ 44 ].
The disease is caused by activating mutations in the vasopressin receptor AVPR2, which leads to the excessive accumulation of water [ 45 ]. A relationship between low blood chloride levels and increased death rate has been demonstrated in several studies on:. Similarly, low blood levels of chloride, sodium, and albumins due to malnutrition reduced the survival of HIV patients taking antiretroviral therapy in a study on over African women [ 56 ].
The incidence of kidney injury increased in patients with low blood chloride levels in a study on over people undergoing contrast-enhanced tomography [ 57 ]. In another study on over critically ill people, low blood chloride was a risk factor for the development of kidney injury [ 58 ]. The most important thing is to work with your doctor to treat any underlying conditions causing your low chloride levels.
The additional strategies below are other things that you may try if you and your doctor determine that they could be appropriate. Note : By writing this section, we are not recommending changes in your medication schedule.
We are simply providing information that is available in the scientific literature. Please discuss your medications with your doctor. On the other hand, the following drugs may lower blood chloride levels and reduce metabolic alkalosis:.
This article explains the chloride blood test and how to interpret the results. High or low levels may have different symptoms and are indicative of a number of different conditions. The test does not require any special preparation. However, always discuss any concerns or questions with a doctor. The test will take less than 10 minutes and should not cause any harm.
Some people might experience slight pain or bruising at the site where the doctor inserts the needle. Once collected, the blood will go to a lab for analysis. The doctor usually receives the results from the lab within a few days. Chloride levels above the normal range cause a condition known as hyperchloremia. Hyperchloremia happens when the volume of chloride ions rises, which might be due to a number of factors. Newborn babies often have hyperchloremia because their chloride levels rise in the week after birth.
However, this is nothing to worry about, as the levels rise naturally and do not indicate a health problem. Hyperchloremia is common in critically ill people. Low levels of chloride cause a condition known as hypochloremia. Hypochloremia happens when the volume of chloride ions decreases.
Most people can manage hyperchloremia with some lifestyle changes. Chloride level in the blood is a bit low, but it is not a matter for concern. It may be due to vomiting, diarrhea or interaction with medication. If there is no other alteration, it is probable that in the next blood test the chloride value in the blood returns to the normal range. You may suffer symptoms like irritability, hyperactivity or tetany involuntary contraction of muscles.
You can suffer from arrhythmia, bradypnea abnormally slow breathing , coma or respiratory arrest. In case of severe hypochloremia, intravenous saline solution is available under medical prescription. They are an example of a healthy man of about 45 years old with no known disease and not taking any medication.
The ranges can be different depending on the laboratory or on your personal circumstances. Anemia Autoimmune diseases Cancer Childhood diseases. Hematology Infectious diseases Inflammatory diseases Kidney diseases. Liver diseases Metabolic disorders Rheumatology Urinalysis.
Your doctor may use a blood test to confirm hypochloremia. In mild cases, replenishing the chloride in your body can treat hypochloremia. This can be accomplished either by consuming more salt or through receiving IV fluids. If your low chloride levels are due to a medication or an existing condition, your doctor may adjust the dosage of your medication or refer you to the appropriate specialist.
Electrolytes like salt, potassium, and calcium perform a variety of important functions within your body. Electrolytes are naturally occurring compounds that control important bodily functions. Important electrolytes include calcium, magnesium, potassium…. Multiple tests can analyze metabolism. Most need blood drawn, but some can be ordered online and done at home. Here are 2. This simple, at-home test can introduce you to your metabolic hormones. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect.
Medically reviewed by Suzanne Falck, M.
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